Oregon State University (OSU) is a coeducational, public research university in Corvallis, Oregon, United States. The university offers more than 200 undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral degree programs and has the largest total enrollment in Oregon. More than 160,000 people have attended OSU since its founding. The Carnegie Foundation classifies the Oregon State University as a research university with very high research activity. In addition, it is designated by Carnigie Foundation with 'Community Engagement' classification.
OSU is one of 73 land-grant universities in the United States. The school is also a sea-grant, space-grant, and sun-grant institution, making it one of only two US institutions to obtain all four designations and the only public university to do so (Cornell is the only other with similar designations). OSU received almost $285 million in research grants and contracts for the 2014 fiscal year, which is more research funding than all other public universities in Oregon combined.
§History
§Early years
The university's roots date back to 1856, when Corvallis Academy, the area's first community school for primary and preparatory education, was founded. In 1858, the school's name was changed to Corvallis College and formally incorporated by members of the Freemasons. The school offered its first college-level curriculum in 1865, under the administration of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
On August 22, 1868, official Articles of Incorporation were filed for Corvallis College. October 27, 1868, is known as OSU Charter Day, the day that the Oregon Legislative Assembly designated Corvallis College as the Agricultural College of the state of Oregon and the recipient of Land Grant fund income. As part of this designation, the college was required to comply with the requirements set forth in the First Morrill Act. The name was changed to Corvallis State Agricultural College and was then authorized to grant the Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Master of Arts degrees. The first graduating class was in 1870, granting Bachelor of Arts degrees.
§Oregon Agricultural College
In 1890 the college became known informally as Oregon Agricultural College (OAC), with the name change becoming official several years later. Orange was adopted as the school color, with black as the background. The Olmsted Brothers developed the first Campus Master Plan in 1909, emphasizing trees and an architectural harmony showcasing basic classical forms in brick. The current campus design generally follows this original plan and is laid on a grid of wide, tree-lined streets. Well-partitioned buildings accent open lawns along the main passages and are mostly surrounded by clusters of tall trees. The overall scheme gives it a quaint, early American institutional feel common to campuses found in the midwest or southern U.S.
The Division of College Extension was organized in 1911 with Ralph Dorn Hetzel as director and, in 1912, the first off-campus faculty were placed in Marion and Wallowa counties. The Army ROTC became active in 1917, replacing the original cadet corps formed by students studying military science. In 1919, OAC began a horticultural products processing program, the first of its kind in the United States. Accreditation was granted in 1924 by the Northwest Association of Secondary and Higher Schools.
§Oregon State
1927 marked yet another name change, this time to Oregon State Agricultural College. The Oregon Unification Bill passed by the Legislative Assembly in 1929 placed the school under the oversight of the newly formed Oregon State Board of Higher Education. Doctoral education was first provided in 1935 with the conferral of four Doctor of Philosophy degrees. This year also saw the creation of the first summer session. The growing diversity in degree programs offered led to another name change in 1937, when the college became Oregon State College.
The university's current title, Oregon State University, was adopted on March 6, 1961 by a legislative act signed into law by Governor Mark Hatfield.
In 2007, Scott Reed was named the Vice Provost for Outreach and Engagement as OSU Extension Service and OSU Ecampus were aligned under this new division. Ecampus delivers OSU degree programs and courses online and at a distance to students worldwide.
§Academics
For the Fall 2013 academic year, the university received over 14,000 freshman applications. U.S. News & World Report considers OSU to be "selective."
§Research
Research has played a central role in the university's overall operations for much of its history. Most of OSU's research continues at the Corvallis campus, but an increasing number of endeavors are underway at various locations throughout the state and abroad. Current research facilities, beyond the campus, include the Seafood Laboratory in Astoria and the Food Innovation Laboratory in Portland. The university's college of oceanic and atmospheric sciences operates several state-of-the-art laboratories, including the Hatfield Marine Science Center and two oceanographic research vessels out of Newport. The oceanography department is now leading the largest ocean science project in U.S. history. The project dubbed "Endurance Array," features a fleet of undersea gliders and six sites with multiple observation platforms. The first three of the platforms will be deployed off Newport in 2013 and a second set of three off Grays Harbor in 2014. OSU also manages nearly 11,250 acres (4,550 ha) of forest land, which includes the McDonald-Dunn Research Forest.
The 2005 Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education recognized Oregon State as a "comprehensive doctoral with medical/veterinary" university. This is one of only three such universities in the Pacific Northwest to be classified in this category. In 2006, Carnegie also recognized the university as having "very high research activity," which makes OSU the only university in Oregon to attain these combined classifications.
The National Sea Grant College Program was founded in the 1960s. OSU is one of the original four Sea Grant Colleges selected in 1971.
In 1967 the Radiation Center was constructed at the edge of campus, housing a 1.1 MW TRIGA Mark II Research Reactor. The reactor is equipped to utilize Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU) for fuel. Rankings published by U.S. News & World Report in 2008 placed Oregon State eighth in the nation in graduate nuclear engineering.
OSU was one of the early members of the federal Space Grant program. Designated in 1991, the additional grant program made Oregon State one of only 13 schools in the United States to serve as a combined Land Grant, Sea Grant, and Space Grant university. Most recently, OSU was designated as a federal Sun Grant institution. The designation, made in 2003, now makes Oregon State one of only two such universities (the other being Cornell University) and the only public institution with all four designations.
In 1999, OSU finished a $40 million remodelling of the campus library. Known as the Valley Library, the totally remodelled building was selected by The Library Journal as their 1999 Library of the Year, the first academic library so named.
In 2001, the university's Wave Research Laboratory was designated by the National Science Foundation as a site for tsunami research under the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation. The O. H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory is on the edge of the campus and is one of the largest and most sophisticated laboratories for education, research, and testing in coastal, ocean, and related areas in the world.
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences funds two research centers at Oregon State University. The Environmental Health Sciences Center has been funded continually since 1969 and the Superfund Research Center is a newer center that started funding in 2009.
OSU administers the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, a United States Forest Service facility dedicated to forestry and ecology research. The Andrews Forest is a UNESCO International Biosphere Reserve.
§Rankings and recognition
OSU has more majors, minors and special programs than any other university or college in Oregon.
In its 2014 edition, U.S. News & World Report ranked Oregon State University 138th nationally and as the 70th top public university. In addition, U.S. News & World Report ranks OSU as the 250th best university globally. The 2014 edition of Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) ranked Oregon State in the "151 to 200" tier for universities worldwide.
In 2012, ECONorthwest conducted an economic impact analysis that found that each year OSU has a $2.06 billion economic footprint. $1.93 billion of this total was in the state of Oregon.
§Campuses
§Main campus (Corvallis)
The 400-acre (160 ha) main campus is located in Corvallis, in the Willamette Valley. In 1994, OSU was rated the safest campus in the Pac-10 in a study of universities. In September 2008, much of the Oregon State University campus in Corvallis was designated the Oregon State University Historic District by the National Register of Historic Places. It is the only college or university campus in Oregon to have a historic district designation. The effort to have the John Charles Olmsted-designed campus listed on the National Register took two years.
§Branch campus (Bend)
OSU recently completed the construction of a branch campus located in Bend. This new branch campus is called OSU-Cascades and offers students living in the more central region of the state an opportunity to attend select classes at a campus location closer to their homes.
§Ecampus (online)
Oregon State offers more than 35 degree and certificate programs made up from a selection of over 900 online courses in 80 subject areas. OSU's online bachelor's degree programs were ranked 5th in the United States by US News & World Report in 2015. These programs and courses are developed by OSU faculty and delivered online by Oregon State University Ecampus. Students who pursue an education online with OSU earn the same diploma and transcript as the university's on-campus students.
§Organization
§Colleges and schools
The academic programs are divided among twelve colleges plus the graduate school, each with a dean responsible for all faculty, staff, students, and academic programs. Colleges are divided either into departments administered by a department head/chair or schools administered by a director who oversees program coordinators. Each school or department is responsible for academic programs leading to degrees, certificates, options, or minors.
§Student government
The Associated Students of Oregon State University (ASOSU) is the officially recognized student government at Oregon State University and represents all students in campus affairs and at community, state, and federal levels regarding issues that directly influence the quality of, and access to, postsecondary education.
§People
§Alumni
Oregon State University has numerous national and internationally-famous alumni who have contributed significantly to their professions. Among over 200,000 OSU alumni, scientist and peace activist Linus Pauling may be the most famous. Pauling is the only recipient of two unshared Nobel Prizes, awarded in the fields of chemistry and peace.
§Arts and entertainment
In arts and entertainment, alumni include:
- Trevor Bardette, actor
- Geffrey Davis, poet
- Cathy Marshall, news anchor
- Greg Nibler, radio host
- George Oppen, Pulitzer Prize winner
- Mike Rich, screenwriter
- Travis Rush, country music singer
- Lee Arden Thomas, architect who designed the OSU Memorial Union.
§Business
In the business world, some OSU alumni hold or have held, prominent positions in various industries such as the following:
- Thomas J. Autzen, plywood manufacturing pioneer and namesake of the University of Oregon's Autzen Stadium
- Mercedes Alison Bates, the first female officer of General Mills and former vice-president of its Betty Crocker Cooking division
- Jen-Hsun Huang, co-founder and CEO of NVIDIA
- Timothy S. Leatherman, inventor of the Leatherman tool and founder of the Leatherman Tool Group; and Don Robert, CEO of Experian.
- Brian McMenamin, co-founder of the McMenamins restaurant/hotel/theater chain
- Bernie Newcomb, co-founder of E*TRADE
- Leonard Shoen, founder of U-Haul
- John A. Young, former president and CEO of Hewlett-Packard
§Military
Several notable OSU alumni are associated with the military, including:
- Edward Allworth, Medal of Honor recipient
- Marion Eugene Carl, World War II flying ace and USMC Major General
- John Noble Holcomb, Medal of Honor recipient
- Anthony E. Van Dyke, commander of Marine forces at Henderson Hall and Colonel of the USMC
§Politics
In politics, notable alumni include the following:
- Cecil D. Andrus, former Governor of Idaho and United States Secretary of the Interior
- Rod Chandler, former U.S. Representative
- John Ensign, former U.S. Senator
- John Hubert Hall, former Governor of Oregon
- Julia Butler Hansen, former U.S. Representative
- Douglas McKay, former Governor of Oregon and U.S. Secretary of the Interior
- Norris Poulson, former U.S. Representative
- Frederick Steiwer, former U.S. Senator
- Lowell Stockman, former U.S. Representative
- Jolene Unsoeld, former U.S. Representative
- Mary Carlin Yates, ; U.S. Ambassador to Burundi and Ghana
§Science and engineering
Notable science and engineering alumni include:
- Douglas Engelbart, computer mouse inventor who is also credited with developing the initial concept of e-mail.
- Paul H. Emmett, staff of the Manhattan Project
- Milton Harris, founder of Harris Research Laboratories and former chair of the Board of Directors of the American Chemical Society
- Wayne L. Hubbell, Jules Stein Professor of Ophthalmology at UCLA
- Linus Pauling, only winner of two unshared Nobel prizes, chemist known for advancing the theory of the chemical bond and the concept of orthomolecular medicine.
§Sports
Oregon State athletes have had a significant showing in professional sports, including more than 15 MLB players, more than 20 NBA players, and more than 130 NFL players.The 1939 Football team won the pineapple bowl. Some of the more prominent athletes include:
- Derek Anderson, NFL Pro Bowler
- Terry Baker, Heisman Trophy winner
- Brent Barry, former NBA player
- Jacoby Ellsbury, a player on the 2007 World Series champion Boston Red Sox
- Dick Fosbury, Olympian high jumper and creator of the Fosbury Flop
- A. C. Green, former NBA player nicknamed "Iron Man"
- Les Gutches Freestyle Wrestling World Champion.
- T. J. Houshmandzadeh NFL Pro Bowler
- Joni Huntley, first American woman to high jump over 6 feet (1.8 m)
- Steven Jackson, NFL Pro Bowler
- Chad Johnson, NFL Pro Bowler
- Gary Payton, 2006 NBA champion and 9-time NBA All-Star
- Robin Reed, undefeated amateur wrestler
§Others
Other notable alumni include:
- William Oefelein, NASA astronaut
- Hüsnü Özye?in, Turkish billionaire
- Jodi Ann Paterson, Playboy Playmate of The Year
- Donald Pettit, NASA astronaut
- Sara Jean Underwood, Playboy Playmate of The Year
§Faculty and staff
OSU has several notable faculty members including:
- George Poinar, Jr., entomology professor whose work extracting DNA from insects fossilized in amber was the inspiration for the novel and film Jurassic Park.
- Pat Casey, baseball coach who was named Coach of the Year by several publications in both 2006 and 2007 when he led the baseball team to back-to-back national championships
- Slats Gill, former OSU basketball coach and member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
- Ralph Miller, former OSU basketball coach and member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
- Craig Robinson, former OSU head basketball coach and the brother-in-law of President Barack Obama.
§Student life
Corvallis is the tenth largest city in the state. Still, it is a relatively small community and many of the local events have a strong connection to the university. Oregon State has over 400 active student organizations and groups. The campus is located only a few hours driving distance from any number of outdoor recreation opportunities. Several federal and state natural forests and parks make up popular student destinations. These include the Cascade Range, a rugged coastline, several large forests, the high desert and numerous rivers and lakes. Portland, Oregon's largest city, is 85 miles (137 km) north of the campus.
From 1930 until 1968, Oregon State University was home to the Gamma chapter of Phrateres, a philanthropic-social organization for female college students. Gamma was the third chapter of the organization, which eventually had over 20 chapters in Canada and the United States.
The majority of older students at Oregon State University live off-campus, but on-campus housing is available and typically home to incoming freshmen. There are 14 residence halls on campus, which are organized into individual Hall Councils. Residents make up the membership and each council holds their own elections to select management over the hall government. All of the councils are managed by the Residence Hall Association (RHA).
The LaSells Stewart Center is the conference and performing arts center for the campus. Many famous speakers have graced the stage of the campus' main auditorium, Austin Auditorium, while the Corvallis-OSU Symphony plays there frequently. The OSU Office of Conferences and Special Events is located within the auditorium.
The University is host to a radio station, KBVR 88.7 FM, a television station, KBVR TV 26 and an award-winning student newspaper, The Daily Barometer.
Two Oregon State students are members of the Oregon Student Association Board of Directors.
Notable among a number of songs commonly played and sung at various events such as commencement, convocation and athletic games are: Hail to Old OSU and the Alma Mater.
§Athletics
In a 2008 national ranking based on academics, athletic opportunity and overall performance, Oregon State was chosen as one of the "premier" universities in America. This ranking, performed by STACK magazine, places Oregon State 29th in the nation's "Elite 50" universities and uncontested within the state that year. Since then, the University of Oregon has joined Oregon State in the STACK rankings.
The history of Oregon State athletics dates back to 1893, when "Jimmie the Coyote" was chosen as the college's mascot. This was replaced by the beaver in 1910; it has remained the school's mascot. In 1915, the college became one of the four charter members of the Pacific Coast (Athletic) Conference.
Football is played in Reser Stadium. The current costumed mascot Benny the Beaver made his first appearance in 1952. The next year, 1953, saw the opening of the football facility, Parker Stadium (now named Reser Stadium). The Raising Reser campaign expanded the stadium from 35,000 seats to 46,200 throughout 2006-07. A time lapse video recording of the expansion is viewable on the internet. 1962 saw OSU's (and the west coast's) first Heisman Trophy winner, quarterback Terry Baker. The University of Oregon is often seen as the school's key athletic rival, with the annual Civil War football game between the two teams being one of the nation's longest-lived rivalries.
Trysting Tree is the name of Oregon State's golf course, dedicated in 1988, the tournament level course has been recognized by Golfweek magazine as one of the top five collegiate golf courses on the West Coast. Its name is traced to a tree near Benton Hall where student couples would meet and make dates. Basketball is held in Gill Coliseum, named after former Beavers coach Slats Gill, also home to the University's Collegiate wrestling team. The Civil War is one of the most contested rivalries in the nation. Baseball is held in Goss Stadium at Coleman Field. The OSU baseball team, managed by Pat Casey, won back-to-back NCAA Division I Baseball Championships in 2006 and 2007. Softball is held in the OSU Softball Complex. Opened in April 2001, the $1.5 million OSU Softball Complex seats 750. Oregon State hosted a Regional and Super Regional tournament in the 2006 NCAA tournament, winning both and moving on to the Women's College World Series.
Oregon State has a total of three NCAA championships. In addition to the two baseball titles, the Beavers won the 1961 NCAA Men's Cross Country Championship. In 1975, the men's rowing Varsity-4 with coxswain team won the Intercollegiate Rowing Association National Collegiate Rowing Championships in Syracuse, New York, establishing a course record which stood for 15 years. In 2006 and 2008, the Oregon State racquetball team won the USA racquetball intercollegiate championship.
§Diversity
In 2014, total student enrollment was 30,058, making it the largest among all Oregon universities.
In accordance with the University's mission for diversity, many organizations, clubs, and departments have been formed, including the Office Of Community and Diversity and several cultural and resource centers.
Oregon State University has several cultural centers aimed at promoting diversity and supporting students of color, including the Lonnie B. Harris Black Cultural Center, Native American Longhouse, Asian & Pacific Cultural Center, and the Centro Cultural César Chávez.
In addition to its mission of ethnic diversity, Oregon State University supports its lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender population with a Pride Center.
§Fund raising
Together with university leaders, the OSU Foundation publicly launched Oregon State's first comprehensive fundraising campaign, The Campaign for OSU, on October 26, 2007, with a goal of $625 million. Donors pushed the campaign past its original goal in October 2010 nearly a year ahead of schedule, resulting in a goal increase to $850 million. In March 2012 the university increased the goal again, to $1 billion. At OSU's annual State of the University address in Portland on January 31, 2014, President Edward J. Ray announced that contributions from more than 102,000 donors to The Campaign for OSU had passed $1 billion, putting Oregon State with a select group of 34 other public universities and one of only two organizations in the Pacific Northwest, and the first in the state of Oregon, to cross the billion-dollar fundraising milestone. The Campaign for OSU will continue through 2014.
The Oregon State University Foundation is a nonprofit organization chartered to raise and administer private funds in support of the university's education, research and outreach. A Campaign Steering Committee of alumni and friends is led by co-chairs Patricia V. Reser '60, James H. Rudd and Patrick F. Stone '74. The OSU Foundation is governed by a volunteer Board of Trustees. It holds assets of more than $600 million and manages the majority portion of the university's composite endowment, valued at more than $510 million (June 30, 2014).
§Points of interest
- Hatfield Marine Science Center
- Linus Pauling Institute
- O. H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory
- Oregon State University Cascades Campus
- Peavy Arboretum
§See also
- Stone Award for Lifetime Literary Achievement
- List of forestry universities and colleges
- Robert W. MacVicar
§References
§External links
- Official website
- Official athletics website
- "Oregon Agricultural College". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
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