Xi'an Jiaotong University (sometimes spelled as Xi'an Jiao Tong University or Xian Jiaotong University and abbreviated as XJTU) is a national C9 League research university with a strong emphasis on engineering and technology, located in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. It origins from Jiao Tong University, also spelled as Chiao Tung University, located in Shanghai founded in 1896 as Nanyang Public School. The original Jiaotong University was one of the top research universities in the nation. Its alumni includes scholars like An Wang and Tsien Hsue-shen. In 1956, following the national strategy, the major portion of Jiao Tong University moved to Xi'an, Shaanxi and later became Xi'an Jiaotong University. The remaining portion in Shanghai later became Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Some alumni of the original Jiaotong University (Chiao Tung University) established (or refer as "re-established") the National Chiao Tung University in Hsinchu, Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War and the government of Republic of China's relocation to Taiwan.
§History
The predecessor of Xi'an Jiaotong University is Nanyang Public School that was founded in Shanghai in 1896; in 1905, it was transferred to the commercial department and was renamed High Industrial School; in 1906, it was under the command of postal transmission department. It was renamed Shanghai High Industrial School of Postal Transmission Department.
In 1911, Xinhai Revolution broke out. The school was renamed Grand Naiyang University. After the Republic of China was founded in 1912, it was managed by the traffic department and was renamed Shanghai Special Industrial School of Traffic Department. In 1921, Jiaotong University was set up by merging Shanghai Special Industrial School, Tangshan Special Industrial School, Beiping Railway Management School and Beiping Post Telecommunication School. The university was called Shanghai School of Jiaotong University; in 1922, Jiaotong University had three schools. The original Shanghai School was renamed Nanyang University of Traffic Department. In 1927, it was renamed the First Jiaotong University of the Traffic Department; In 1928, the Guomin Government issued "Organizational Outline of Jiaotong University". The three schools in Shanghai, Tangshan and Beiping were all called Jiaotong University. The headquarters was in Shanghai. In the same year, it was transferred to the railway department.
During the anti-Japanese War, the university was moved to the French Concession and in 1940 the state-run branch of Jiaotong University was set up in Chongqing. In 1941, to prevent the Wang puppet government from taking over the university, it was run continually in the name of Private Nanyang University. In 1942, the Wang government took over Shanghai School. So the Education Department of Guomin Government chose Chongqing Branch as the headquarters of Jiaotong University. After the anti-Japanese War was won, Chongqing headquarter went back to Shanghai and merged with Shanghai School. In 1946, the name of state-run Jiaotong University was recovered.
In 1956, following the national strategy, the major portion of Jiao Tong University moved to Xi'an, Shaanxi and later became Xi'an Jiaotong University in 1959. In the same year, Xi'an Jiaotong University was listed as the key university in China. Later, it became one of a few universities built according to the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and "Eighth Five-Year Plan." It was one of the universities that entered the construction of "211 project" of China. In September, it was determined to be one of a few universities that had the target to build world famous high level University. In April 2000, approved by the State Council, Xi'an Medical University, Shannxi Institute of Finance and Economics and Xi'an Jiaotong University were merged and formed the new Xi'an Jiaotong University.
§Present
Today, Xi'an Jiaotong University is a comprehensive research university offering programs in nine areas--science, engineering, medicine, economics, management, art, law, philosophy and education--with an emphasis on science and engineering. It includes 20 schools, eight undergraduate residential colleges, and eight affiliated teaching hospitals. XJTU has a faculty and staff of more than 5500, of which 2500 are full-time teachers, including over 1500 professors and associate professors. The faculty includes 21 academicians--nine members of the National Academy of Sciences and twelve members of the National Academy of Engineering--among whom twelve are members of both. The university has had five recipients of national teaching awards. Among current faculty members, 38 have been designated as "Chang JIang Scholars" by the Ministry of Education; 25 have been honored by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars; 15 have been recognized as national experts who have made outstanding contributions to the nation. An additional 142 teachers have been selected to participate in the Ministry of Education's "New Century Program for Promising Young Talent," and another 547 have been awarded government stipends for their outstanding contributions to China. Pursuant to its precept that "talent makes the university strong," XJTU has continues to add to its strength by attracting to the campus leaders in a wide range of disciplines and will continue the process of building its team of top-level talent.
XJTU has a current enrollment of more than 30,000 full-time students, including over 13,000 masters and doctoral candidates. The university offers 78 undergraduate majors, and awards masters degrees in 200 disciplines and Ph.D. degrees in 115. Among these, there are 8 which are designated as first-order key disciplines by the Chinese government, and 37 which are designated as second-order key disciplines. In addition, 115 disciplines are recognized as key disciplines at the provincial and ministerial level. XJTU offers Master degrees 18 areas, including engineering, clinical medicine, business, and MPA; it has 20 research facilities for post-doctoral students, four national key laboratories, four national special laboratories, two national engineering research centers and 59 key research centers and laboratories at the provincial and ministerial level.
§Campus and student life
Xi'an Jiatong University, which is located in the city of Xi'an in Shaanxi province, has three campuses: the Xingqing campus, the Yanta campus and the Qujiang campus, covering a total area of 256.78 hectares. The total constructed area is 1.7623 million square meters. The Qian Xuesen Library, which is located on the Xingqing campus, incorporates nearly 40,000 square meters and has 3518 reading seats. The library collections include 4.47 million books and 10,053 newspapers and periodicals, of which 4089 are current periodicals. The library has been adding to its digital collections and has recently introduced 252 foreign electronic resources. Its holdings now include 28,639 electronic periodicals in Chinese and other languages and more than 1 million electronic books. The library's computer system is fully integrated with the campus network, CERNET, and the Internet. On- and off-campus users can access the system via remote terminal or over the Internet. The university's computer network meets the highest international standards.
§Students' houses
Students are housed in modern dormitories and may choose from a wide variety of dishes in the university's extensive dining facilities. The Siyuan Student Activities Center, with a total area of over 10,000 square meters, is the venue for a wide range of events, and the university's athletic fields and playgrounds are fitted with the latest modern equipment. The university has an extensive system of scholarships and stipends, with scholarships for undergraduates totaling 12 million yuan per year, and additional annual support in the form of loans totaling 14.4 million yuan. The university has also established an "innovation fund" to provide support for graduate students. Each year, it distributes about 50 million yuan. The university has a modern psychological health education and counseling center for university students.
§Academics
§Faculty and other staff
- Total: 15278
- Subtotal of the number in the statements: 5662
- The number of teachers and staffs here: 4041
- Professional teachers: 2104
- Ancillary teaching personnel: 283
- Administrative personnel:791
- Rear-service personnel: 863
- Personnel of scientific research institutions: 629
- Staff of the School-run enterprises: 509
- Personnel of subsidiary bodies: 483
- The subtotal of other personnel: 4948
- Personnel of three attached hospitals: 3476
- Personnel of the attached middle schools, primary schools and kindergartens: 353
- Personnel of collective ownership: 231
- Teachers invited outside: 888
- Left and retired personnel: 4668
- Among which: the left and retired personnel of the three attached hospitals: 1260
§Staff titles
- Total: 4041
- Senior: 514
- Vice-senior: 914
- Medium: 1114
- Junior: 511
- Among which professional teachers: 2104
- Senior: 500
- Vice-senior: 742
- Medium: 653
Junior: 209
§Medical School
The School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, which used to be the School of Medicine of National Peking University, was founded in 1937. It was renamed Xi'an Medical University in 1985. After the affiliation of the Xian Medical University with Xian Jiaotong University in April, 2000, it was given the name of "The School of Medicine" of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Famous for the Unity, Diligence, Preciseness and Innovation as its tradition, the school is like a cradle which has cultivated advanced medical experts in the Northwest region of China. It is the only top medical science school directly attached to the Ministry of Health in the Northwest region, as well as a branch of Academy of Medical Science in China. About 40,000 advanced medical experts have been cultivated in 70 years since its founding.
Through the pain staking efforts and hard work of many generations, the college has developed a collective ability for administration. There are currently over 4500 students on campus, including 400 doctoral students, 900 post graduates and 3500 undergraduates. The school has excellent and experienced faculty as well as working staff, and the number has been over 4000 (staff in the affiliated hospitals also included). It has more than 620 professors and associate professors, 81 doctoral mentors, 13 experts who have made outstanding contributions on the state and provincial level and besides, 35 domestic and overseas visiting professors (3 are members of Chinese Academy of Science). There are 28 departments (18 clinical departments included); 3 Clinical Teaching Hospitals: The First Affiliated Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital and The Affiliated Dental Hospital; 6 centers (Biological Medicine R&E Center, Long-Distance Medicine Center, All-Division Medicine Center, Medical Information Center, Animal Experimentation Center and Medical Testing and Training Center); 27 Graduate Schools; 1 keystone lab belonging to Ministry of Education, 2 keystone labs belonging to Ministry of Health and 3 keystone labs at Provincial level; 2 keystone subjects as Physiology and Medical Jurisprudence at State level and another 7 keystone subjects at Provincial level. Meanwhile the School of Medicine has 2 first-level research stations for the Post doctorates, Fundamental Medicine and Clinical Medicine.
It has gradually established a complete administrative system for educating and training both undergraduate and graduate students. For undergraduates, at present, there are subjects as Clinical Medicine (5-year duration and 7-year duration), Dental Medicine, Nursing, Medical Jurisprudence, Preventive Medicine, Pharmacology, Medical Engineering and so on. There are 10 authorized places for awarding doctorates and 29 places for master's degrees. The authorized places for awarding these degrees cover all medical specialities and most of the related medical specialities. For undergraduate student education the emphasis is on practice with basic knowledge and extensive education. The school has built up a training mode of "Broad Entrance, Strong Foundation and Emphasis on Practice", and under this training mode, the graduates have got high praises from their employers. For postgraduate student education, the emphasis is on training on innovative thoughts and abilities. Besides, the school has actively developed recruitment and training for the students with bachelor's degree of Clinical Medicine and MPH.
§International Students
In 1995, former Xi'an Medical University established the Program of Clinical Medicine for International Students, began to enroll qualified international students, aiming to produce clinicians and doctors served in clinics and hospitals. Currently, nearly 500 international students from Bahrain,Pakistan, Nepal, India, Maldives, Canada, Iran, Sudan, USA and other countries are studying in.
§Cooperation with The University of Texas at Arlington
Xi'an Jiaotong University and the University of Texas at Arlington currently operate a program leading to the Executive Master of Business Administration (EMBA) degree. XJTU is the only university in the northwest to offer such a program, and only the third university in China to undertake such cooperation with UTA.
The program is open to those with a Bachelor's Degree, and at least 5 years of work experience and at least two years of management experience. All those enrolled in the program participate in one and a half years of on-the-job training. Instruction will be primary jointly taught in English by American Teachers in Xi'an with the additional classes in Chinese. Besides accounting, financial management, finance and other courses, the two cooperative parties also lay out some frontier topics like supply chain management, restructuring and innovation of enterprises, WTO, capital market and project management, making it possible to introduce the newest conceptions on operation and management in the world from all kinds of business. The course layout fully displays the main stream of MBA education in American business schools and tries to be responsive to current area of interest in China. Those who finish the required credits will get the EMBA certificate granted by Xi'an Jiaotong University and the EMBA certificate granted by American UTA at the same time.
§Internet education
As the rapid development and the fast growth of requirement of e-learning, Internet Education School of Xi'an Jiaotong University was founded in March 2001 as one of the first 15 experimental universities approved by Education Ministry of P. R. China. As one of the important projects of "Action Plan", more than RMB 5 million has been invested to E-Learning project since 1999, now a hybrid international standard distance-learning system based on satellite and CERNET was built up and more than 100 multimedia coursewares had been developed.
With the strong support of excellent XJTU educational resources and management experience, IES is striving for establishing a multi-level and multi-form distance education. With the basic maxim of "Basing on the western, Orienting towards the whole country, Connecting overseas", XJTU's E-Learning emphasizes at after-school education to meet the increasingly growth of continue education.
So far there are 51 distance learning sites scattered in all of China and about 2,800 students, majoring in Computer, Nursing, Management, Law, and Economics. The goal before 2005 is to build up 80 distance learning sites, and recruit about 8000 students.
With the satellite and the internet, XJTU has some cooperations with WAS of Japan and Taiwan National Chiao Tung University. University has already made some live teaching and resources transmission experiments. Since September 2002, XJTU has begun to cooperate with Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Zhejiang University, so three universities take the cooperative teaching method such as sharing some optional courses and admitting the corresponding credits. Now there are more than 6,700 students taking such elective courses from 37 shared courses provided by three universities.
The university also earnestly pays attention to the study of E-Learning theory, technology and application. Since 1998, the university has undertaken 12 very important national projects, such as Action Plan project "Multi-media Distance Education System and Project"; Education Ministry approved large project "the Demonstrate Project of Internet Education Based on Satellite and Terrestrial Networks"; "Tenth Five-Year Plan" key project "real-time teaching system"; National Science Fund project "Study of Individual and Interactive Virtual Collaborative Learning Environment" and "Study and Application of Personality Mining in E-Learning". By research, the University has already applied 3 invention Patents of P. R. China. The achievement of "the distance learning system over satellite and internet" was awarded as second prize for scientific and technology development of state education ministry. Another achievement was awarded as the first prize by Shaanxi Province. XJTU also got an IBM SUR project, which provided the university two IBM H85 Servers. Now, the university has 7 servers, more than 80 lab PCs, and own an advanced network infrastructure. XJTU has established a set of supporting platform based on the combinative utilization of satellite and terrestrial networks. In general, Internet Education School is progressing at an unprecedented speed.
§Youth Class
In 1985, Xi'an Jiaotong University established a special class for gifted youth called Youth Class of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Chinese: ???????, also translated as Special Class for the Gifted Young of Xi'an Jiaotong University, a name usually confused with the equivalent of USTC). The class aims to select talents and explore the most efficient ways to nurture promising youth with special education system that excludes widely criticizedGaokao and other standardized tests. Every January, XJTU holds tests and interviews for thousands of 9th grade applicants from all over mainland China and admits about 140 students. Youth Class students first study high school courses in High School Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Suzhou High School-SIP, or Tianjin Nankai High School. After passing final exams of high school courses, students can directly become undergraduates of XJTU without taking Gaokao. After passing final exams of undergraduate courses, students can directly enter Master degree programs of XJTU without taking Postgraduate Admission Test. Alumni of Youth Class include Zhou Hongyi, co-founder of Chinese antivirus software company Qihoo, Xi Chen, a Presidential Scholar and associate professor at Columbia University, and Haitao Zheng, a 2005 TR35 innovator selected by MIT Technology Review.
§See also
- List of universities in China
- BlueSky Open Platform
§References
§External links
- Xi'an Jiaotong University's official site in English
- Detailed Introduction of Xi'an Jiaotong University in Chinese
- XJTLU Official Site in English
- XJTU, School Of Medicine, ISAO Official Site in English
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